CO₂ Transport

CO₂ is transported from the source of capture to the storage location using conventional pipeline technology. CO₂ pipelines are very similar to those used to transport natural gas and oil – and oil and gas pipelines have been operating safely and efficiently for decades.

In preparation for pipeline transportation, CO₂ that has been captured is dehydrated and compressed to a pressure greater than 40 times the pressure in a car tire. The CO₂ is pressurized so that it behaves as a “dense phase” substance, more like a liquid. This increases the consistency and density of the CO₂ making it easier and less costly to transport. In the majority of CO₂ pipelines, the flow is driven by compressors at the pipeline source and with intermediate (booster) compressor stations midstream. These ensure that the necessary temperature and pressure are consistently maintained.

Small volumes of CO₂ can also be transported as a liquid in ships, tanker trucks or rail tankers.

The biggest challenge with developing CO₂ transportation in Canada will be ensuring that it is done efficiently and cost effectively.